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{\huge Image Steganography Bibliography}\\
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Version 1.0\\
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Richard Newman\\
CISE Department\\
University of Florida\\
nemo@cise.ufl.edu\\
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\section{JPEG/MPEG background}

W. B. Pennebaker and J. L. Mitchell's
general book on JPEG,
"JPEG Still Image Data Compression Standard"
\cite{ jpeg}.

Strang's DCT article \cite{ strang99discrete} and
article on signal processing 
"Signal Processing for Everyone,"
\cite{ strang-signal}.


Shannon's info theory paper,
"The Zero Error Capacity of a Noisy Channel,"
\cite{ShannonZero}.

C. E. Shannon and W. Weaver's book,
"The Mathematical Theory of Communication,"
\cite{Shannon48}.

R. B. Ash, "Information Theory," book \cite{Ash}.

\section{General Stego}

Simmons'  "The Prisoners' Problem and the Subliminal Channel"
\cite{Simmons83} - stego communication between Alice and Bob with
Warren the Warden looking on.

Journal version with more stego history, "The History of Subliminal Channels"
\cite{Simmons98}.

J. R. Smith and B. O. Comiskey 1996 article,
"Modulation and Information Hiding in Images,"
\cite{ joshua96modulation}

Ross Anderson's more general 1996 survey
"Stretching the Limits of Steganography",
\cite{Ross96}.

J. Fridrich's 1998 tutorial for the ISPACS Conference,
``Applications of Data Hiding In Digital Images,'' 
\cite{ fridrich98applications}.

Fabien Petitcolas, Ross Anderson and M. Kuhn's 1999 survey (journal version),
``Information hiding -- a survey,''
\cite{ petitcolas99information}.

Several articles by Moulin on information theory of information hiding
\cite{ moulin00datahiding}
\cite{ moulin00informationtheoretic}
\cite{ moulin01parallelgaussian}
\cite{ moulin00infothyanal}\\

Petitcolas articles on methods \cite{ petitcolas99survey}.

Ira Moskowitz, Liwu Chang and Richard Newman 2002
New Security Paradigms Workshop paper on capacity vs. payload,
"Capacity is the Wrong Paradigm,"
\cite{nspw2002}.


S. Katzenbeisser and F. A. P. Petitcolas book on stego and watermarking,
"Information Hiding techniques for steganography and digital watermarking,"
\cite{Katzenbeisser}.

N. F. Johnson, Z. Duric and S. Jajodia,
"Information Hiding:  Steganography and Watermarking---Attacks and 
Countermeasures", \cite{JohnsonDuricJajodia}.

\section{Methods}
\subsection{Spatial Stego}

Kurak and McHugh's original image stego paper in ACSAC 92,
"A Cautionary Note on Image Downgrading,"
\cite{KurakMcHugh92}.
This was the first paper describing LSB encoding (hide the F-16
in the RDU airport).

Y. Lee and L. Chen improved on this by increasing capacity while
keeping differences low by using nearest value (rather than just
replacing LSBs) in,
"An Adaptive Image Steganographic Model Based on 
    Minimum-Error LSB Replacement" \cite{ lee99adaptive}.

J. Fridrich hides data in GIFs,
"A New Steganographic Method for Palette-Based Images,"
\cite{ fridrich99new}.

Provos' "Defending Against Statistical Steganalysis,"
\cite{ provos01defending}, 
and TR, "Probabilistic Methods for Improving Information Hiding,"
\cite{ provos01probabilistic}.


R. E. Newman, I. S. Moskowitz, L. Chang and M. M. Brahmadesam counter
Fridrich, Goljan and Du with,
"A Steganographic Embedding Undetectable by JPEG Compatibility 
	Steganalysis",
\cite{iwih2002}.


BPCS Stego - Bit-plane complexity - high capacity (50-80\% storage
rates) in spatial images:
K. Nozaki, M. Niimi and E. Kawaguchi,
"A Large Capacity Steganography Using Color {BMP} Images,"
\cite{ nozaki98image}
and E. Kawaguchi and R. O. Eason,
"The Principle and Applications of BPCS-Steganography,"
\cite{ kawaguchi98BPCSstego}.



Jsteg stego method:
"Jpeg-Jsteg -  Modification of the Independent {JPEG} Group's {JPEG}
	software (release 4) for 1-bit steganography in JFIF output files,"
\cite{Upham}.

F5 - an improved JPEG stego method by
A. Westfeld,
"F5 --- A Steganographic Algorithm:  High Capacity Despite Better
	Steganalysis,"
\cite{Westfeld}.


\nocite{ lee00high}

\subsection{Spread Spectrum Stego}

Tseng uses wavelets \cite{ tseng-secure},
Marvel uses spread spectrum approach.  Includes capacity analysis
\cite{ marvel99spread}.
\nocite{ marvel98reliable}
\nocite{ marvel98hiding}

\section{Steganalysis}

Johnson and Jajodia's survey of steganalysis 
"Steganalysis: The Investigation of Hidden Information,"
\cite{ johnson98steganalysis}.

Fridrich's spatial stego detection work,
"Methods for Detecting Changes in Digital Images,"
\cite{ fridrich98methods}.
Fridrich, Goljan, and Du's JPEG-compatible steganalysis 
"Steganalysis Based on {JPEG} Compatibility,"
\cite{ jessica2001}.

Provos and Honeyman's TR on detecting stego in the wild
"Detecting Steganographic Content on the Internet,"
\cite{ provos01detecting}.







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